3/16/2023 0 Comments Niosh breathing zone![]() Please refer to Section 4-2 for more information. They are useful as auxiliary instruments. In recent times real-time monitors with various integrated sensors (a direct reading instrument) have become commercially available 12). Meanwhile for gaseous substances, passive samplers are widely used due to their portability, their light weight and the fact that they reduce the burden on workers. The basic sampling methods include mainly the filtration method, the solid collecting method, and the liquid collecting method that are used in Japan for Working Environment Measurement. On the other hand, the SAM does cover the sampling method for acryl amide and MBOCA. Yet it does not list chemicals such as acryl amide, alkyl mercury compound, 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (MBOCA), and β-propiolactone, for which the control concentrations are specified in Japan. The NMAM contains detailed protocols for approximately 600 kinds of substances. These two protocols are available free of charge for referencing and downloading through their websites. Each summarizes the sampling and analytical methods for approximately 600 kinds of substances. NIOSH 10) has published the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Method (hereinafter referred to as NMAM), while OSHA 11) has published the Sampling and Analytical Method (hereinafter referred to as SAM). Europe and the USA, however, do have protocols on sampling and analysis, the details of which are given below. Since Japan has no regulations concerning personal exposure monitoring, no official methods or well-documented protocols are available. In this case, an optimum sampling condition for the type of monitoring is required to be selected. When compared with the ceiling value (C), shorter term sampling is possible. However, when compared with the short term exposure limit (STEL), the basic sampling duration is 15 minutes. The manual described below specifies the basic conditions for eight-hour monitoring so as to allow the collection of air containing contaminants with a concentration equal to the occupational exposure limit for four hours (240 minutes) or higher. ![]() And therefore, the capability of performing continuous monitoring with a single sampler for eight hours is not always a necessary condition for exposure assessment. In actual situations, however, the same type of work is not performed continuously for eight hours, and also time-saved sampling and divided sampling are available. Furthermore, monitoring at the workers' breathing zone requires portable type samplers that do not add a burden to the work involved. Therefore, special attention should be paid. Since the sampling duration varies significantly from, and is longer than that of Working Environment Measurement, the method in the guidebook for Working Environment Measurement cannot always be directly applied to personal exposure monitoring. Instead, their concepts are outlined in this section.Īs personal exposure monitoring involves comparison with the occupational exposure limit, the basic sampling time is eight hours for one-day (eight-hour) monitoring. This Guideline does not provide the detailed methods for monitoring (sampling apparatus, tools and techniques) and analysis. The personal exposure monitoring described as per this Guideline is equivalent to an "expert-centered basic method to reasonably proceed with the assessment and management of risk at workplaces." It is considered that practicing and expanding on this method will significantly contribute in reforming the overall framework of occupational hygiene management in Japan. The main text provides the basic methods and concepts of personal exposure monitoring, while 31 "Appendices" are provided in this Guideline throughout the series technical descriptions, statistical bases, and actual workplace examples are provided in these appendices, to assist better understanding. It thus is not to be considered to comment on legal regulations and methodology. The scope of this Guideline covers all chemical substances and all related workplaces regarded as targets for general assessment and the management of risk. The Committee has prepared this Guideline as a "practical guideline" for personal exposure monitoring, so as to offer proposals and recommendations to the members of the Japan Society for Occupational Health and to society in general. Considering the background of the growing importance of personal exposure monitoring in risk assessment and the need to prepare for the introduction of monitoring using personal samplers from an administrative perspective in recent years, the Committee was organized in November 2012. This Document, "Guidelines for personal exposure monitoring of chemicals" ("this Guideline"), has been prepared by "The Committee for Personal Exposure Monitoring" ("the Committee") of the Expert Division of Occupational Hygiene & Ergonomics, Japan Society for Occupational Health.
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